OHSAS and ISO 45001 are internationally recognized frameworks designed to help organizations manage occupational health and safety (OHS) in a structured and effective way. Although OHSAS 18001 was widely used for many years, it has now largely been replaced by ISO 45001, which is the current global standard for occupational health and safety management systems. Both standards share the same overall purpose: to reduce workplace risks, prevent injuries and illnesses, and create safer working conditions for employees, contractors, and visitors.OHSAS 18001 was developed as a specification for occupational health and safety management systems, allowing organizations to establish policies, identify hazards, assess risks, and implement control measures. It focused on compliance, risk reduction, and continual improvement. Many organizations adopted it because it provided a clear structure for managing safety responsibilities and improving performance. However, OHSAS 18001 was not an ISO standard, and over time it was replaced by a more globally harmonized approach.ISO 45001 was officially published in 2018 and is now the leading standard for occupational health and safety management systems. It follows the High-Level Structure used by other ISO management standards, such as ISO 9001 and ISO 14001, making it easier to integrate with quality and environmental management systems. ISO 45001 emphasizes leadership, worker participation, and a proactive approach to hazard prevention. It requires organizations to consider not only physical hazards but also psychosocial risks, organizational factors, and the broader context in which work is carried out.One of the most important features of ISO 45001 is its focus on preventing work-related injuries and ill health by identifying risks before incidents occur. Organizations are expected to establish objectives, implement operational controls, provide training, and monitor performance regularly. The standard also promotes consultation and involvement of workers at all levels, recognizing that employee participation is essential for an effective safety culture.Implementing ISO 45001 can bring several benefits. It can improve legal compliance, reduce accidents, lower downtime, and enhance employee morale. It also demonstrates a strong commitment to health and safety, which can improve trust among stakeholders, clients, and regulators. In addition, a certified management system can help organizations continuously improve their safety processes and respond better to changing risks and business conditions.In summary, OHSAS 18001 laid the foundation for structured occupational health and safety management, while ISO 45001 provides a modern, internationally aligned framework with stronger emphasis on leadership, worker involvement, and proactive risk management. Both aim to protect people at work, but ISO 45001 represents the current best practice for building a safe and healthy workplace.